AB141. SOH24AB_151. Breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL): a case study
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AB141. SOH24AB_151. Breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL): a case study

Nadia Walsh, Sandra Hembrecht, Arnold Hill, Deirdre Duke, Neasa Ni Mhuircheartaigh, Laura McKenna, Sally McGrath, Colm Power

Beaumont Breast Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin, Ireland

Background: Breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin’s T-cell lymphoma associated with textured breast implants and tissue expanders first described in 1997 and categorised as a distinct cancer in 2016.

Case Description: A 46-year-old female presented with a one-week history of a 2 cm firm lump in the right breast on a background of augmentation mammoplasty with textured implants (Allergan Inspira) in 2015. Ultrasound guided biopsy of the 15 mm × 18 mm mass confirmed a diagnosis of BIA-ALCL with atypical CD30 positive infiltrate and ALK-1 was negative. Staging was performed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) breast and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), which were negative for metastatic disease. Bilateral en bloc removal of the breast implants, capsulectomy (including palpably involved pectoralis major and pectoralis minor) and right axillary dissection was performed. Final histopathology confirmed BIA-ALCL pT4N0 with clear margins. No adjuvant treatment was deemed necessary and a repeat PET-CT will be performed for surveillance.

Conclusions: BIA-ALCL poses a medical challenge due to increasing use of implants for reconstructive and cosmetic procedures. Patients usually present with delayed onset of seroma or palpable masses. Diagnosis involves ultrasound and histopathological analysis of fluid/tissue with CD30 immunohistochemistry and staging with PET-CT. 80% of patients have localized disease and surgical resection with negative margins is curative in the majority. In conclusion, BIA-ALCL is a rare condition with survival rates of >90% in early stages. Patient education, awareness and vigilance and a multidisciplinary team approach allow for timely diagnosis and complete surgical excision, which are key for prognosis of these patients.

Keywords: Breast cancer; breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL); breast lymphoma; implant complications; textured implants

Acknowledgments

Funding: None.

Footnote

Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Ethical Statement: The authors are accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

doi: 10.21037/map-24-ab141
Cite this abstract as: Walsh N, Hembrecht S, Hill A, Duke D, Ni Mhuircheartaigh N, McKenna L, McGrath S, Power C. AB141. SOH24AB_151. Breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL): a case study. Mesentery Peritoneum 2024;8:AB141.

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