AB082. SOH26AB_0301. Upper limb perfusion: a systematic review of physiological, optical, and imaging-based methods

Accurate and non-invasive assessment of upper limb perfusion is recognised as essential in plastic and reconstructive surgery, particularly as objective perfusion endpoints are needed to improve the quality, comparability, and reproducibility of clinical trials. A wide range of modalities, including laser Doppler flowmetry, thermography, and pulse oximetry, are used in practice. There is no consensus on which technique provides the most reliable or clinically meaningful assessment. This review evaluates contemporary non-invasive methods for measuring upper limb perfusion and identifies gaps that must be addressed to advance trial design and future research.